Are your vaccinations up to date?

When did you last think about your vaccinations? For many of us, immunisation feels like something that happened in childhood — a distant memory of needles and bandaids. But the truth is, staying protected against preventable diseases is a lifelong commitment, and it's one that benefits not just you, but everyone around you. Each year, World Immunization Week reminds us that vaccines are among the most powerful public health tools we have. Here at Cronulla Medical Practice, we'd love to help you understand where you stand — and make sure you're covered.

Why vaccinations matter at every age

It's easy to assume that once you've had your childhood vaccines, you're set for life. But immunity can fade over time, recommendations change as new evidence emerges, and some vaccines simply weren't available when you were young. On top of that, certain vaccines are specifically designed for adults — particularly older Australians, pregnant women, and people with chronic health conditions who may be at higher risk of serious illness.

There's also a bigger picture to consider. When enough people in a community are vaccinated, it creates what's known as herd immunity — a kind of invisible shield that helps protect those who can't be vaccinated themselves, such as newborn babies, people undergoing chemotherapy, or individuals with certain immune conditions. Choosing to vaccinate is, in many ways, an act of care for your neighbours, your family, and your broader community.

Which vaccines should adults be thinking about?

Australia has one of the world's most comprehensive immunisation programmes, with vaccines available — and in many cases free — for people across all life stages. Here are some of the key ones worth discussing with your GP:

• Influenza (flu): Recommended annually for everyone aged six months and over. Free under the National Immunisation Program (NIP) for adults aged 65 and over, pregnant women, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people aged six months and over, and people with certain medical conditions.
• COVID-19: Ongoing boosters are recommended for eligible groups, particularly older Australians and those with compromised immune systems. Check current guidance with your GP, as recommendations are updated regularly.
• Pertussis (whooping cough): Adults often need a booster, particularly if you're expecting a baby or will be spending time around newborns. A combined tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis (Tdap) booster is available.
• Pneumococcal disease: Recommended for adults aged 70 and over, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults aged 50 and over, and adults with certain chronic health conditions.
• Shingles (herpes zoster): Caused by the reactivation of the chickenpox virus, shingles can be extremely painful. A vaccine is recommended for adults aged 60 and over, with a free vaccine available for those aged 65–79 under the NIP.
• Hepatitis B: If you weren't vaccinated as a child or adolescent, you may benefit from this vaccine, especially if you work in healthcare or have certain risk factors.
• Measles, mumps and rubella (MMR): Some adults — particularly those born between 1966 and 1994 — may have gaps in their MMR protection. Your GP can check your records and advise accordingly.

Flu season is coming — don't wait

Every year in Australia, influenza causes thousands of hospitalisations and can be life-threatening for vulnerable people. The flu vaccine is updated annually to match the strains most likely to be circulating, which is why it needs to be repeated each year — last year's vaccine won't give you the same level of protection this season.

The best time to get your flu shot is generally before the peak of flu season, which typically runs from June through August in Australia. Getting vaccinated in autumn — from around April onwards — gives your immune system time to build protection before the virus is circulating widely. Don't put it off; the sooner you're covered, the better prepared you'll be.

Pregnant women are especially encouraged to get the flu vaccine at any stage of pregnancy. Not only does it protect the mother, but it also passes some immunity to the baby — providing protection during those first vulnerable months of life before the baby can be vaccinated themselves.

Common questions and concerns

It's completely understandable to have questions about vaccines — your concerns are valid, and we're always happy to talk them through. Here are a few things we hear from patients regularly:

• "Can the flu vaccine give me the flu?" No — the flu vaccine contains either inactivated virus particles or a weakened form of the virus that cannot cause infection. Some people experience mild side effects like a sore arm or low-grade fatigue, which are signs your immune system is responding. These usually pass within a day or two.
• "I'm generally healthy — do I really need vaccines?" Yes. Vaccines protect you from diseases that can strike anyone, regardless of how well you look after yourself. They also help protect people around you who may be more vulnerable.
• "Are vaccines safe?" Vaccines used in Australia are rigorously tested and monitored by the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). The benefits of vaccination are well established and far outweigh the small risks associated with most vaccines.
• "I had COVID-19 — does that mean I'm protected?" Natural infection may offer some immunity, but vaccines provide a more consistent and measurable level of protection. Your GP can help you understand the current recommendations for your situation.

What you can do right now

Staying on top of your vaccinations doesn't have to be complicated. Here are a few simple steps to get started:

• Check your immunisation history via myGov or ask your GP to review it with you.
• Book a health check or vaccination appointment — especially before flu season gets underway.
• Talk to your GP about any vaccines that might be recommended for your age, health status, occupation, or lifestyle.
• Remind family members — including older parents and grandparents — to check their own vaccination status.
• If you're planning to travel overseas, speak to your GP about travel vaccinations well in advance of your departure.

Vaccination is one of those quiet, everyday acts that adds up to something much larger. When we each take responsibility for our own protection, we contribute to a healthier, safer community for everyone. As we mark World Immunization Week, it's a good moment to ask yourself: when did I last check my vaccines? If you're not sure, that's all the more reason to find out.

If you'd like to review your vaccination history, get your flu shot, or simply have a conversation about what's recommended for you, we'd love to help. Book an appointment with one of our GPs at Cronulla Medical Practice — it's a small step that can make a real difference, for you and for the people you care about.